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Keto-analogues are substances that can be transformed into amino acids by the body. They do not contribute to the production of nitrogen waste product, which would be additional stress for an impaired kidney. Taken as a supplement to a reduced protein diet, they may help to postpone the start of dialysis and thus improve the quality of life as compared to dialysis.¹

As high amounts of proteins can cause nitrogen waste products, keto-analogues should always be combined with a protein reduced diet. Keto-analogues function as a precursor for amino acids and are transformed in the body into the building blocks. Thereby, keto-analogues ensure that the body receives the right amount of amino acids for various functions (e.g. repair of tissue) without causing additional deleterious waste products.

Metabolic waste products derived from catabolising proteins have to be excreted via your kidneys. In chronic kidney disease patients, when the kidney function is impaired, they cannot be eliminated properly and can harm your body. As the waste products can be like poison for the body, patients who do not need to receive dialysis yet,  are advised to reduce their protein intake. Therefore, fewer wastes will be generated while consuming a protein-reduced diet, and the kidneys are relieved.

In general, it is recommended to eat low amounts of sodium (especially table salt), so you can use herbs to spice your meals. You should also limit the amounts of phosphate (o be found e.g. in seafood, cereals, chocolate, bean products etc.) and make sure to eat eough calories. Furthermore, patients in the pre-dialysis stage should eat low amounts of protein.

Since a protein-reduced diet is mainly a vegetarian diet, protein rich foods like meat, fish, eggs, cheese, milk/milk products are only allowed in very limited amounts. Please talk to your physician or dietitian to find out about your daily protein intake.

As this has to be decided upon your disease history and individual situation, please ask your physician or dietitian.